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Mobile part of the spinal cord
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The 24 vertebra bodies of the neck, chest and lumbar vertebrae form the mobile part of the spinal column. The individual bodies are more or less all equivalently built except for Atlas (carrier) and Axis (turner). The Atlas does not have a spinal body and turns around the "tooth" of the Axis. The lower part of the vertebra body should carry the most weight, therefore it must be built more strongly. The vertebra bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are connected with the ribs, by diarthiodiale joints. The sacral bone (OS sacrum) is connected to the OS ileum. Here we have a mobile joint, however it is practically made by the Kreuzbein-Darmbein-Bänder immobile joint (Amphiarthrose).
The sacral vertebrae and the coccygeal fistula form the immobile part of the spinal column in itself. They merge together ever since the childhood. The sacral bone (OS sacrum) of the adult has five ossified vertebra bodies, the coccygeal fistula (OS coccygis) four to five.
Figure: Basic form of a vertebra body
A from above
B from the right side
1 transverse extensions
2 upper extensions
3 spinal body (with red bone marrow)
4 upper joint surface (connection with 5. thoracic vertebras)
5 lower joint surface (connection with 7. thoracic vertebras)
6 Vertebral foramen (which contains the spinal cord)
7 vertebral arch (around the Vertebral foramen)
8 intervertebral foramen (exit place of the spinal nerves)
features, which are only attributed to the thoracic vertebrae:
a upper joint surface for Rippenkoepfchen b lower joint surface for Rippenkoepfchen c joint surface for Rippenhoeckerchen
Figure: Spinal column -vertical section
1 transverse extension
2 thorn extension
3 spinal body
4 spinal joint
5 inter vertebral foramen (exit place of the spinal nerves)
6 inter vertebral disk (Disk inter vertebralis)
7 gelatinous nucleus (Nucleus pulposus) in the inter vertebral disk
The volume disks (Disken) constitute a bibrous cartilage connection among the spinal bodies. Owing to their fiber-ring-like structure and the gelatinous core (Nucleus pulposus) they can fulfill the tasks of suspension, mobility and the pressure balance.
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